History can involve studying one people, culture, or country in particular, but it also often involves general overviews of broad trends. Students of history may be required to conduct research in a specific topic.

Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. To its east is the larger island of Great Britain, from which the Irish Sea separates it.

Should an individual decide to gain additional certification that they are qualified in a field of study, they may decide to gain a postgraduate diploma. This type of diploma is attained after one has first completed a master's degree.