Philosophy is a discipline that involves critical thinking and reasoning. Students who study this area can develop a knowledge and understanding of life questions and topics, as well as exceptional critical thinking skills useful in a variety of career paths, such as business or government.

Russia (Russian: Россия) is by far the largest country in the world, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. The former State Committee for Higher Education in Russia financed 240 universities, academies and institutes, making Russia a solid country to study in.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.