Sweden (Sverige) is the largest of the Nordic countries, with a population of about 9.5 million. It borders Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark via the bridge of Öresund (Öresundsbron). Sweden has a strong tradition of being an open, yet discreet country.

Doctoral degrees are advanced educational qualifications, often pursued after a master's degree. They represent the highest level of academic achievement in fields like science, arts, and humanities. Achieving this degree involves intensive research, resulting in a thesis or dissertation.