Those who wish to work in business, public policy, government, or social science may wish to consider a philosophy, politics and economics (PPE) program. This interdisciplinary field offers students the chance to study how powerful social forces interact with each other.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.