Linguistics is the science-based study of human language. Its students seek to understand the context, structure, and meaning of languages by comparing existing human languages and studying their similarities and differences. Areas of study include phonology, semantics, and syntax.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.