One characteristic of Iceland's higher education system is a four-year course. After completion of undergraduate degree, The University of Icleand often have scholarships for those students who may want to further studies to master’s and doctorate levels. It is based in Vesturbær, Reykjavik and was founded in 1911.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.