The San Raffaele University, top-ranked among the research universities in Italy, offers a PhD program aimed to provide excellent guidance, support and training to graduate students interested in understanding the molecular processes underlying human diseases and in designing new approaches for their treatment.

In light of the recent health crisis that is likely to change the way public health is implemented, the thesis of this research program should define public health functions, practices, programs, and measures. Discuss the organization and infrastructure of a modern and efficient healthcare system within a welfare system, the historical context, and future challenges. The final thesis should provide a comprehensive description of basic public health services, how public health services are delivered,d and how managed care affects public health.

With the advent of new technology, the world of business has changed. Globalization is a reality. At today’s professionals are required skills that are useful in a variety of fields: Internet, banks, transport, economic and monetary markets, they must possess an international idea of the business and the world of communication.

Advancements in genetics and genomics have spurred the emergence of Precision Medicine, which revolutionizes traditional medical approaches by utilizing vast molecular data for personalized disease diagnosis and treatment. The PhD in National PhD in Systems Medicine aims to equip professionals with interdisciplinary skills in biomedical sciences, preparing them to address precision medicine challenges through technological strategies and multidisciplinary approaches.

The TEAM Ph.D. is a true crossroad at Sant'Anna, being participated by all Institu- tes (Biorobotics, DIRPOLIS, Life Sciences, Management, Economics, Mechanical Intelligence, TECIP) testifying to the global effort of the Institution. The challenges to be faced are numerous- and among these is the ability of the HS to continuously be resilient in emergency health situations, as is the case for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Natural medicine believes that healing will prevail when health conditions exist. When traditional aquatic therapies, herbs, physical medicine and nutrition are used correctly, the body's self-healing is facilitated. The final thesis of this doctoral program should cover mental, emotional and spiritual connections with various pathological states and how they are overcome. In addition to developing methodologies for the use of various natural medicines, the candidate should indicate the new and important perspective of life force and its role in the healing process, when used together with the principles of natural health sciences.

In the light of the recent health crisis that is likely to change the way public health is implemented, the thesis of this research programme should define public health functions, practices, programmes and measures. Discuss the organisation and infrastructure of a modern and efficient healthcare system within a welfare system, the historical context and future challenges.

International PhD in Food Engineering and Biotechnology The purpose of this International PhD programme is to train a new generation of globally renowned researchers to apply approaches of engineering and biotechnology to food processing by giving them the opportunities to transfer and exchange knowledge with national and international research centers and industries.

The PhD in Translational Medicine is a three-year Programme. The Mission of Pro- gram is to educate and train post-gradua- te students with different academic backgrounds and highly motivated to pursue a career in experimental biomedicine and/or clinical research.

This program aims to coordinate advanced learning activities PhD in Veterinary Sciences and Animal Productions, fostering scientific and cultural development through advanced research. It leverages existing collaborations with industry and leading national and international research institutions to develop new partnerships and promotes internationalization by involving foreign scholars and students in research and training activities.

The PhD in Management - Innovation, Sustainability, and Healthcare is a three-year training program leading to research activity in the public and private domains as well as managerial jobs in public and private organizations. The Ph.D. program aims, to train students for academic and managerial positions in both public and private organizations.

The Pharmacological Biomolecular Sciences, Experimental and Clinical doctoral program trains biomedical experts in modern pharmacological research through multidisciplinary approaches. It encompasses basic research, pharmacological-toxicological studies, innovative drug development systems, and technical-scientific collaboration. Students develop competencies for translating discoveries into clinical practice, benefiting public health and socio-economics.

The final thesis of this doctoral programme should cover mental, emotional and spiritual connections with various pathological states and how they are overcome. In addition to developing methodologies for the use of various natural medicines, the candidate should indicate the new and important perspective of life force and its role in the healing process, when used together with the principles of natural health sciences.

The general educational objectives of the Doctorate in the Area of Drugs and Innovative Treatments are aimed at preparing researchers who are experts in the field of drugs and health products with a view to possible insertion, once the qualification has been acquired, in both public and private work environments.

A thesis project for this PhD should explore the fundamental themes of therapies, such as listening and intervening in psychological disorders from multiple perspectives. If necessary, support it using herbs, homeopathy and floral remedies. Through the study of different theories and research, the candidate learns how to realize multiple perspective interpretations and develop their own therapeutic approach. Natural psychotherapy is not based on "rapid psychiatric pharmacological correction" therapies of exclusive medical openness. Rather, it focuses on obtaining permanent results by integrating the patient's neurophysiological and mental processes at a natural healing rate. This program allows students to analyze a conflict, interpret the corresponding problem and offer the best possible solution.