The field of data engineering is based on the fundamentals of science and mathematics. Following completion of the program, graduates may pursue careers at small businesses or large global enterprises. Numerous industries may seek to employ data engineers, including the public sector, specialty industries and information technology companies.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.