The International PhD in Business Administration is aimed at professionals in business or public administration with several years of experience in their field, but not necessarily in research or education. The program combines the advantages of contact-based and distance-based education, drawing on the contribution of recognized national and international experts. In its design, the program combines two major international traditions in doctoral education such as the American tradition (where several years of formal education is needed to get the Ph.D.) and the European tradition (with a usually limited number of classes and a strong emphasis on independent dissertation research).