Applied ethics is the study of moral decisions within a public or private framework. It is also a branch of philosophy that deals with how organizations answer moral questions and the results of those answers. Some subfields include legal ethics, environmental ethics and bioethics.

Officially known as the Italian Republic, the country is found in southern Europe. The official language is Italian and the cultural rich capital is Rome. Many of the world's oldest universities are located in Italy, in particular the University of Bologna (founded in 1088). There are three Superior Graduate Schools with "university status", three institutes with the status of Doctoral Colleges, which function at graduate and post-graduate level.